Effects of soil and water conservation measures on the environment: A review

The preservation and sustainable development of soil water resources is one the basic principles for environment. Soil degradation was a significant global issues during 20th century remains high importance in 21 st as it affect environment, agronomic production, food security, quality life. This review provides an extensive information on conservation strategies or methods their applications. Based this, most promising technologies are identified to improve management resources. also aims provide general characteristics loss, explore relationship between development, relevant conservation. result this shows that measures focused by ridging, constructing earth bunds terraces, mulching, multiple cropping, fallowing, tree planting. Mulching, crop management, tillage appropriate conserving sandy soils erosivity low holding capacity. Leguminous cover crops residue reduce impact rain. These reported enhance levels organic matter nutrients, especially nitrogen, which generally limited tropical soils. Intercropping compatible species recorded cropping system, cultures with different rooting patterns growth cycles can promote nutrient recycling suppress weeds.